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Metoclopramide
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DRUG INFO
Metoclopramide
Drug Name:
Metoclopramide
Indication: For the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
Pharmacology: Metoclopramide, although chemically related to procainamide, does not possess local anesthetic or antiarrhythmic properties. Metoclopramide is used to enhance GI motility, to treat diabetic gastroparesis, as an antinauseant, and to facilitate intubation of the small bowel during radiologic examination. Metoclopramide may be used to treat chemotherapy-induced emesis and as a radiosensitizing agents in the treatment of non-small cell lung carcinoma and glioblastomas in the future.
Mechanism Of Action: Metoclopramide inhibits gastric smooth muscle relaxation produced by dopamine, therefore increasing cholinergic response of the gastrointestinal smooth muscle. It accelerates intestinal transit and gastric emptying by preventing relaxation of gastric body and increasing the phasic activity of antrum. Simultaneously, this action is accompanied by relaxation of the upper small intestine, resulting in an improved coordination between the body and antrum of the stomach and the upper small intestine. Metoclopramide also decreases reflux into the esophagus by increasing the resting pressure of the lower esophageal sphincter and improves acid clearance from the esophagus by increasing amplitude of esophageal peristaltic contractions. Metoclopramide's dopamine antagonist action raises the threshold of activity in the chemoreceptor trigger zone and decreases the input from afferent visceral nerves. Studies have also shown that high doses of metoclopramide can antagonize 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) receptors in the peripheral nervous system in animals.
Drug Category: Antiemetics; Prokinetic Agents; Dopamine Antagonists; ATC:A03FA01
Brand Names/Synonyms: Apo-Metoclop; CHEMBANK734; Cerucal; Clopra; Clopra-Yellow; Clopromate; DEL; DEL 1267; DEL-1267; Duraclamid; Elieten; Emetid; Emperal; Eucil; Gastrese; Gastro-Timelets; Gastrobid; Gastromax; Gastronerton; Gastrosil; Gastrotablinen; Gastrotem; Imperan; M0763; M117; Maxeran; Maxolon; Meclopran; Metaclopramide; Metaclopromide; Metamide; Methochlopramide; Methoclopramide; Metochlopramide; Metoclol; Metoclopramida [Inn-Spanish]; Metoclopramide; Metoclopramide Hcl; Metoclopramide Hydrochloride; Metoclopramide Intensol; Metoclopramide Omega; Metoclopramidum [Inn-Latin]; Metocobil; Metramid; Moriperan; Mygdalon; Neu-Sensamide; Nu-Metoclopramide; Octamide; Parmid; Paspertin; Peraprin; Plasil; Pms-Metoclopramide; Pramiel; Pramin; Primperan; Reclomide; Reglan; Reliveran; Terperan
Dosage Forms: LIQUID; SYRUP; TABLET
Absorption: Rapidly and well absorbed (oral bioavailability 80±15.5%).
Interactions: DRUG INTERACTIONS
The effects of metoclopramide on gastrointestinal motility are antagonized by anticholinergic
drugs and narcotic analgesics. Additive sedative effects can occur when metoclopramide is given
with alcohol, sedatives, hypnotics, narcotics, or tranquilizers.
The finding that metoclopramide releases catecholamines in patients with essential hypertension
suggests that it should be used cautiously, if at all, in patients receiving monoamine oxi-dase
inhibitors.
Absorption of drugs from the stomach may be diminished (e.g., digoxin) by metoclopramide, whereas
the rate and/or extent of absorption of drugs from the small bowel may be increased (e.g.,
acetaminophen, tetracycline, levodopa, ethanol, cyclosporine).
Gastroparesis (gastric stasis) may be responsible for poor diabetic control in some patients.
Exogenously administered insulin may begin to act before food has left the stomach and lead to
hypoglycemia. Because the action of metoclopramide will influence the delivery of food to the
intestines and thus the rate of absorption, insulin dosage or timing of dosage may require adjustment.
Chemical IUPAC Name: 4-amino-5-chloro-N-(2-diethylaminoethyl)-2-methoxy-benzamide
Chemical Formula: C14H22ClN3O2
Half Life: 5-6 hr
Drug Type: Approved Drug
# Accession No: APRD00665
CAS Registry Number: 364-62-5
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Metoclopramide News
(When available)
France: Kahlenberg leads Auxerre over Monaco Jan 5, 2006
Soccerway, ...during the current transfer window, striker Marco Di Vaio put Monaco in front on the half-hour mark, taking a through-ball from Jaroslav Plasil and slotting ...
Kahlenberg steers Auxerre to win Jan 6, 2006
Malaysia Star, The Italian striker flicked the ball past Auxerre goalkeeper Fabien Cool after collecting a through pass from Czech midfielder Jaroslav Plasil. ...
Kahlenberg winner moves Auxerre into second place Jan 5, 2006
CNN/SI Italian striker Marco Di Vaio scored on debut for Monaco after 30 minutes when he converted a pass from Czech Republic midfielder Jaroslav Plasil. ...
Auxerre beat Monaco Jan 5, 2006
NDTV.com, ...his loan move from Valencia until the end of the season, put the visitors ahead in the 30th minute after excellent work by Czech midfielder Jaroslav Plasil. ...
Kahlenberg shines as Auxerre climb Jan 6, 2006
Dansk Boldspil-Union, The Italian wasted little time in making his mark, controlling Jaroslav Plasil's perfect cross from left on the half-hour and smartly chipping it over home ...
A Horrific Case of Hiccups, a Novel Treatment Jan 9, 2006
New York Times, ...tried on everything," Dr. Payne said, including a major tranquilizer, chlorpromazine; a muscle relaxant, baclofen; and metoclopramide (Reglan) and domperidone ...
Thanks to hospital, 7-year-old with Down's syndrome is home for ... Dec 20, 2005
Lowell Sun, ...stomach. Later, she will give him Reglan and Prilosec for his reflexes, and 500 cubic centimeters of fluid to irrigate his system. ...
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