Indication: For the palliative treatment of Hodgkin’s disease (Stages III and IV), lymphosarcoma, chronic myelocytic or chronic lymphocytic leukemia, polycythemia vera, mycosis fungoides, and bronchogenic carcinoma.
Pharmacology: Mechlorethamine is an antineoplastic in the class of alkylating agents and is used to treat various forms of cancer. Alkylating agents are so named because of their ability to add alkyl groups to many electronegative groups under conditions present in cells. They stop tumor growth by cross-linking guanine bases in DNA double-helix strands - directly attacking DNA. This makes the strands unable to uncoil and separate. As this is necessary in DNA replication, the cells can no longer divide. In addition, these drugs add methyl or other alkyl groups onto molecules where they do not belong which in turn inhibits their correct utilization by base pairing and causes a miscoding of DNA. Alkylating agents are cell cycle-nonspecific. Alkylating agents work by three different mechanisms all of which achieve the same end result - disruption of DNA function and cell death.
Mechanism Of Action: Alkylating agents work by three different mechanisms: 1) attachment of alkyl groups to DNA bases, resulting in the DNA being fragmented by repair enzymes in their attempts to replace the alkylated bases, preventing DNA synthesis and RNA transcription from the affected DNA, 2) DNA damage via the formation of cross-links (bonds between atoms in the DNA) which prevents DNA from being separated for synthesis or transcription, and 3) the induction of mispairing of the nucleotides leading to mutations.
Drug Category: Antineoplastic Agents; Chemical Warfare Agents; Alkylating Agents; ATC:L01A
Dosage Forms: Powdered vials for injection, skin solution and ointment
Absorption: Mechlorethamine is incompletely absorbed following intracavitary administration, probably because of rapid deactivation by body fluids.
Interactions:
DrugBank: Interactions for Mechlorethamine
Interactions for Mechlorethamine:
No information provided.
Chemical IUPAC Name: 2-chloro-N-(2-chloroethyl)-N-methyl-ethanamine
Chemical Formula: C5H11Cl2N
Half Life: 15 minutes
Drug Type: Approved Drug
# Accession No: APRD00249
CAS Registry Number: 51-75-2
Mechlorethamine News (When available)
SiN Episodes ImpressionsJan 8, 2006 Ve3d.com Another slick touch is canisters of mutagen which will affect the mutants you face, sometimes for the better and sometimes for the worse. ...
Sunburn More Likely to Cause Non-Malignant Skin CancerDec 21, 2005 MedPage Today, The cells were exposed in vitro to UVB radiation at a dose of 150 joules/m 2 , and 24 hours later were examined for mutagen sensitivity as measured by the ...
New research suggest less risk from UVB exposureDec 23, 2005 CosmeticsDesign.com, The scientists also found that chromatic breaking, or mutagen sensitivity, was significantly higher for those patients with a history of blistering caused by ...
Ultraviolet B Light Exposure Associated With Increased Risk Of ...Dec 30, 2005 Science Daily (press release) ..."These findings suggest that in vitro UVB-induced mutagen sensitivity reflects susceptibility to [nonmelanoma skin cancer] but not [cutaneous malignant melanoma ...
White lab coats and cool toolsDec 25, 2005 Boston Globe, ...through it according to size, and then Callahan will stain the DNA with ethidium bromide, ''a nasty little substance," she said of the mutagen and carcinogen ...
From a cause, a cureJan 8, 2006 Boston Globe, ...first performed at Yale in the mid-1940s, on a patient with Hodgkin's disease, which regressed dramatically after treatment with nitrogen mustard, a related ...
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