Indication: For relief of moderate to moderately severe pain
Pharmacology: Hydrocodone, a semisynthetic opiate agonist and hydrogenated ketone derivative, is similar to other phenanthrene derivatives, such as codeine. Used as an analgesic, hydrocodone is combined with acetaminophen, ibuprofen, or aspirin to treat pain. Used as an antitussive, hydrocodone is combined with phenylephrine, pseudoephedrine, phenylpropanolamine, guaifenesin, pyrilamine, pheniramine, or chlorpheniramine.
Mechanism Of Action: Hydrocodone acts as a weak agonist at OP1, OP2, and OP3 opiate receptors within the central nervous system (CNS). Hydrocodone primarily affects OP3 receptors, which are coupled with G-protein receptors and function as modulators, both positive and negative, of synaptic transmission via G-proteins that activate effector proteins. Binding of the opiate stimulates the exchange of GTP for GDP on the G-protein complex. As the effector system is adenylate cyclase and cAMP located at the inner surface of the plasma membrane, opioids decrease intracellular cAMP by inhibiting adenylate cyclase. Subsequently, the release of nociceptive neurotransmitters such as substance P, GABA, dopamine, acetylcholine, and noradrenaline is inhibited. Opioids such as Hydrocodone also inhibit the release of vasopressin, somatostatin, insulin, and glucagon. Opioids close N-type voltage-operated calcium channels (OP2-receptor agonist) and open calcium-dependent inwardly rectifying potassium channels (OP3 and OP1 receptor agonist). This results in hyperpolarization and reduced neuronal excitability.
Drug Category: Narcotics; Antitussives; Analgesics; Antitussives; ATC:R05DA03
Dosage Forms: Tablets; Syrup; Liquid mixtures with other analgesics.
Absorption: well absorbed from the GI track
Interactions:
DrugBank: Interactions for Hydrocodone
Interactions for Hydrocodone:
Patients receiving other narcotic analgesics, antipsychotics, antianxiety agents, or other CNS depressants
(including alcohol) concomitantly with hydrocodone and acetaminophen tablets may exhibit an additive CNS depression.
When combined therapy is contemplated, the dose of one or both agents should be reduced.
The use of MAO inhibitors or tricyclic antidepressants with hydrocodone preparations may increase the effect of
either the antidepressant or hydrocodone.
The concurrent use of anticholinergics with hydrocodone may produce paralytic ileus.
Chemical IUPAC Name: 4,5-epoxy-3-methoxy-17-methylmorphinan-6-one
Chemical Formula: C18H21NO3
Half Life: 1.25-3 hours
Drug Type: Approved Drug
# Accession No: APRD00591
CAS Registry Number: 125-29-1
Hydrocodone News (When available)
GREAT DANE'S A SCARLET LADYJan 14, 2006 Glasgow Sunday Mail, By Billy Sloan And Mickey Mcmonagle. DANISH singer Tina Dico is set to hit the big time with her UK debut Warm Sand. And the 27-year ...
Police BlotterDec 28, 2005 Pittsburgh Tribune-Review, Police allege he was knocking on several doors in an apartment complex and in possession of dihydrocodeinone, a medication that was not prescribed to him. ...
Loris councilman guilty of drug chargesJan 13, 2006 Myrtle Beach Sun News, Herring, who does not have a criminal past, pleaded guilty to four charges of distributing the illegal drug hydrocone, two charges of distributing marijuana ...
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