Diclofenac resources


DRUG INFO
Diclofenac

Drug Name: Diclofenac

Indication: For the acute and chronic treatment of signs and symptoms of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis



Pharmacology: Diclofenac is an acetic acid nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID) with analgesic and antipyretic properties. Diclofenac is used to treat pain, dysmenorrhea, ocular inflammation, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and actinic keratosis

Mechanism Of Action: Antiinflammatory effects of diclofenac are believed to be due to inhibition of both leukocyte migration and the enzyme cylooxygenase (COX-1 and COX-2), leading to the peripheral inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis. As prostaglandins sensitize pain receptors, inhibition of their synthesis is responsible for the analgesic effects of ketoprofen. Antipyretic effects may be due to action on the hypothalamus, resulting in peripheral dilation, increased cutaneous blood flow, and subsequent heat dissipation.

Drug Category: Anti-inflammatory Agents; Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Agents (NSAIDs); Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; ATC:M01AB05; ATC:M02AA15; ATC:S01BC03

Brand Names/Synonyms: Allvoran; Apo-Diclo; Assaren; Benfofen; Cataflam; DICLOFENAC FREE ACID; Delphimix; Dichlofenac; Dichronic; Diclo-Phlogont; Diclo-Puren; Diclobenin; Diclofenac; Diclofenac Acid; Diclofenac Potassium; Diclofenac Sodium; Diclord; Dicloreum; Dolobasan; Duravolten; Ecofenac; Effekton; Kriplex; Neriodin; Novapirina; Novo-Difenac; Novo-Difenac Sr; Nu-Diclo; Primofenac; Prophenatin; Rhumalgan; Solaraze; Solaraze T; Tsudohmin; Valetan; Voldal; Voltaren; Voltaren Ophtha; Voltaren Ophthalmic; Voltaren Rapide; Voltaren Sr; Voltaren-Xr; Voltarol; Xenid

Dosage Forms: IR tablets, ER tablets

Absorption: diclofenac is completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract

Interactions: DrugBank: Interactions for Diclofenac

Interactions for Diclofenac:


Aspirin: Concomitant administration of diclofenac and aspirin is not recommended because diclofenac is displaced from its binding sites during the concomitant administration of aspirin, resulting in lower plasma concentrations, peak plasma levels, and AUC values.

Anticoagulants: While studies have not shown diclofenac to interact with anticoagulants of the warfarin type, caution should be exercised, nonetheless, since interactions have been seen with other NSAIDs. Because prostaglandins play an important role in hemostasis, and NSAIDs affect platelet function as well, concurrent therapy with all NSAIDs, including diclofenac, and warfarin requires close monitoring of patients to be certain that no change in their anticoagulant dosage is required.

Digoxin, Methotrexate, Cyclosporine: Diclofenac, like other NSAIDs, may affect renal prostaglandins and increase the toxicity of certain drugs. Ingestion of diclofenac may increase serum concentrations of digoxin and methotrexate and increase cyclosporineís nephrotoxicity. Patients who begin taking diclofenac or who increase their diclofenac dose or any other NSAID while taking digoxin, methotrexate, or cyclosporine may develop toxicity characteristics for these drugs. They should be observed closely, particularly if renal function is impaired. In the case of digoxin, serum levels should be monitored.

Lithium: Diclofenac decreases lithium renal clearance and increases lithium plasma levels. In patients taking diclofenac and lithium concomitantly, lithium toxicity may develop.

Oral Hypoglycemics: Diclofenac does not alter glucose metabolism in normal subjects nor does it alter the effects of oral hypoglycemic agents. There are rare reports, however, from marketing experiences, of changes in effects of insulin or oral hypoglycemic agents in the presence of diclofenac that necessitated changes in the doses of such agents. Both hypo- and hyperglycemic effects have been reported. A direct causal relationship has not been established, but physicians should consider the possibility that diclofenac may alter a diabetic patientís response to insulin or oral hypoglycemic agents.

Diuretics: Diclofenac and other NSAIDs can inhibit the activity of diuretics. Concomitant treatment with potassium-sparing diuretics may be associated with increased serum potassium levels.

Other Drugs: In small groups of patients (7-10/interaction study), the concomitant administration of azathioprine, gold, chloroquine, D-penicillamine, prednisolone, doxycycline, or digitoxin did not significantly affect the peak levels and AUC values of diclofenac. Phenobarbital toxicity has been reported to have occurred in a patient on chronic phenobarbital treatment following the initiation of diclofenac therapy.

Protein Binding

In vitro, diclofenac interferes minimally or not at all with the protein binding of salicylic acid (20% decrease in binding), tolbutamide, prednisolone (10% decrease in binding), or warfarin. Benzylpenicillin, ampicillin, oxacillin, chlortetracycline, doxycycline, cephalothin, erythromycin, and sulfamethoxazole have no influence in vitro on the protein binding of diclofenac in human serum.

Drug/Laboratory Test Interactions

Effect on Blood Coagulation: Diclofenac increases platelet aggregation time but does not affect bleeding time, plasma thrombin clotting time, plasma fibrinogen, or factors V and VII to XII. Statistically significant changes in prothrombin and partial thromboplastin times have been reported in normal volunteers. The mean changes were observed to be less than 1 second in both instances, however, and are unlikely to be clinically important. Diclofenac is a prostaglandin synthetase inhibitor, however, and all drugs that inhibit prostaglandin synthesis interfere with platelet function to some degree; therefore, patients who may be adversely affected by such an action should be carefully observed.





Chemical IUPAC Name: 2-[2-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)aminophenyl]ethanoic acid

Chemical Formula: C14H11Cl2NO2

Half Life: 2 hours

Drug Type: Approved Drug

# Accession No: APRD00527

CAS Registry Number: 15307-86-5



Diclofenac News
(When available)



Vulture decline: Pressure builds to ban Diclofenac  Feb 8, 2006
IT is a frequently used pain-killer in humans, but the veterinary use of Diclofenac has hastened the decline of the Asian vulture species in the country. ... - Hindu Business Line,

Experts for banning use of diclofenac on vultures  Feb 1, 2006
...on Vulture Conservation have strongly recommended to Governments concerned to take immediate steps for completely phasing out the use of diclofenac drug on the ... - Webindia123,

JB Chemicals gets US FDA nod for diclofenac API  Jan 31, 2006
MUMBAI: JB Chemicals & Pharmaceuticals Ltd on Tuesday said US FDA has accepted its Drug Master File (DMF) for Diclofenac Diethylamine which is used in topical ... - Hindu Business Line,

BirdLife hopeful of diclofenac ban  Feb 1, 2006
The three species of vulture have died after ingesting the drug diclofenac, which is used as an anti-inflammatory treatment for livestock. ... - BirdLife International,

Phase out diclofenac to save vultures: experts  Feb 1, 2006
Pakistan, India, Nepal, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Sri Lanka, Cambodia and Myanmaar have been urged to phase out the use of veterinary drug diclofenac as part of ... - Webindia123,

Ibuprofen, diclofenac are equally effective  Jan 29, 2006
Dear Mayo Clinic: I had orthopedic knee surgery about eight months ago and have been taking the anti-inflammatory drug diclofenac (75 milligrams, twice a day ... - Fort Wayne Journal Gazette,

Earthweek: A Diary of a Planet  Feb 7, 2006
The government promised last March to phase out veterinary use of the drug diclofenac, but the move has faced opposition from the pharmaceutical companies that ... - Gilroy Dispatch (subscription),

UK: GOVERNMENTS, NGOS AND SCIENTISTS UNITE TO SAVE VULTURES FROM ...  Feb 5, 2006
Scientists discovered that an important cause of the catastrophic decline in vulture populations is a drug called Diclofenac, which farmers give to lame cattle ... - noticias.info,

Uniting organisations to save vultures  Feb 6, 2006
Scientists have discovered that a major cause for the significant decline in the vulture populations is a drug called Diclofenac that farmers give to lame ... - Scenta.co.uk,

Forest dept to support drug ban to save vultures  Feb 5, 2006
5. — At a time when scientists have given hope that the Asian vultures can be saved if the inflammatory drug — diclofenac — mainly found in dead cattle ... - The Statesman,

Namibian in bid by scientists to save vultures in Asia  Feb 2, 2006
...they called on the Indian government, which has already banned the use of the drug diclofenac, to intensify a captive breeding programme for threatened ... - African News Dimension,

Cooperation among countries suggested for saving vultures  Feb 1, 2006
Sri Lanka, Cambodia and Myanmar should step up regional cooperation to save vultures and work towards complete phasing out of veterinary Diclofenac, the drug ... - Zee News,

US FDA accepts DMF of JBCPL  Feb 2, 2006
JB Chemicals and Pharmaceuticals Ltd's drug master file (DMF) for diclofenac diethylamine has been accepted by US FDA. DMF is filed ... - Business Standard,

Switching Drug For Livestock May Save Endangered Vultures  Feb 2, 2006
Meloxicam, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, has been shown to be a safe and effective replacement for diclofenac, a widely used veterinary NSAID that has ... - Chemical & Engineering News

- By Our Correspondent  Feb 3, 2006
According to experts, one of the major causes for the decline in their population is the usage of the veterinary drug diclofenac. ... - The Asian Age,

Disappearing vultures  Feb 2, 2006
The bigger culprit is an anti-inflammatory drug called Diclofenac, which veterinarians tend to use liberally for treating domestic animals. ... - Business Standard,

The centre’s in full flight, feels UK Minister  Feb 4, 2006
...‘‘The cause of the catastrophic decline of the vulture population is a drug called Diclofenac, which farmers give to lame cattle. ... - Chandigarh Newsline,

JB Chemicals gets nod for pain management drug  Jan 31, 2006
JB Chemicals & Pharmaceuticals Ltd. announced on Tuesday that USFDA has accepted the Drug Master File (DMF) for Diclofenac Diethylamine. ... - India Infoline.com,

Ray of Hope for Vultures Facing Extinction  Jan 31, 2006
These declines were caused by the widespread veterinary use of the drug diclofenac for the treatment of sick domestic livestock throughout the Indian ... - innovations report,

Sikkim bans chemicals for vultures  Feb 1, 2006
The state that has 80 percent forest cover has added another feather to its cap — its government recently banned the use of the Diclofenac Sodium drug that ... - The Statesman,

Cattle drug blamed as India's vultures near extinction  Jan 31, 2006
The government promised to phase out veterinary use of the drug, diclofenac, in March last year but has faced opposition from some of the pharmaceutical ... - Guardian Unlimited,

Ray of hope for vultures facing extinction  Feb 1, 2006
According to the RSPB, these declines were caused by the widespread veterinary use of the drug diclofenac for the treatment of sick domestic livestock ... - 999 Today,

Bird groups hopeful on vultures  Feb 1, 2006
Three species on the Asian subcontinent are close to extinction after eating animal carcasses containing traces of the anti-inflammatory diclofenac. ... - BBC News,

Scientists Discover Remedy To Save Vultures  Jan 31, 2006
...to save the threatened population of Asian vultures, who are dying after eating the corpses of cattle treated with the common anti-inflammatory drug, diclofenac ... - All Headline News

Declofenac drug major cause of fall in vulture numbers: Minister  Jan 31, 2006
...and Forests Thiru A Raja today called for coordinated efforts, both within the country and in the region, to completely stop the use of Diclofenac drug, a ... - Webindia123,

Safe pickings needed for India's vultures  Feb 2, 2006
Initially, the cause was thought to be a virus. But in 2004, scientists found that the killer was a veterinary painkiller known as diclofenac. ... - New Scientist (subscription),

Govt on save-vulture  Jan 30, 2006
One of the major reasons for the deaths of thousands of vultures is Diclofenac, the anti-imflammatory drug. The ministry is lobbying for a ban on the drug. ... - Hindustan Times,

INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON VULTURE CONSERVATION BEGINS  Jan 31, 2006
Thiru A. Raja has called for coordinated efforts, both within the country and in the region to completely stop the use of veterinary Diclofenac, a major ... - Press Information Bureau (press release),

Drug swap urged to save vultures  Jan 30, 2006
Numbers have plummeted in recent years because they are being poisoned by traces of the anti-inflammatory drug, diclofenac, in animal carcasses. ... - BBC News,

Livestock drug threatens African vultures  Jan 11, 2006
Paris - Diclofenac, a farm drug that has driven three species of South Asian vultures to the brink of extinction, could also decimate vultures in Eurasia and ... - Independent Online,

Scientists reportedly find new cattle drug  Jan 31, 2006
...photo / Norman Reid) :: Tens of millions of the three vulture species played a key role in South Asia's ecosystem before the introduction of diclofenac in the ... - HappyNews.com,

Drug India Uses in Cattle Is Killing Off Vultures  Feb 4, 2006
More than 90% of India's vultures, a crucial link in the environment, have died, in large part by exposure to diclofenac, an anti-inflammatory drug and ... - Los Angeles Times,

REGIONAL COOPERATION AMONG VULTURE RANGE COUNTRIES RECOMMENDED ...  Feb 1, 2006
...presentations were made on various aspects like monitoring efforts being made in different countries, captive breeding and the role of diclofenac in the ... - Press Information Bureau (press release),

Scientists reportedly find new cattle drug  Jan 30, 2006
Millions of oriental white-backed, long-billed and slender-billed vultures in South Asia have died from eating cattle carcasses tainted by diclofenac, an anti ... - San Jose Mercury News,

Vultures driven towards extinction by painkiller  Jan 30, 2006
The drug, diclofenac, is widely used by cattle owners on the Indian subcontinent, and although it is harmless to many animals is it highly toxic to vultures ... - Independent,

Scientists formulate Indian vulture rescue plan  Jan 31, 2006
...vulture crisis in India where huge numbers of the birds are being wiped out by eating cattle carcasses contaminated with the anti-inflamatory drug diclofenac. ... - Register,

Sheriff highlights Ninewells defects  Jan 23, 2006
The inquiry had heard during sittings in October and earlier this month that Mrs Troup was prescribed the anti-inflammatory and painkiller diclofenac, which is ... - Evening Telegraph,

Tylenol effective for arthritis pain  Feb 7, 2006
The following prescription drugs should never be taken together with acetaminophen: diclofenac, diflunisal, etodolac, fenoprofen, floctafenine, flubiprofen ... - Auburn Citizen,

Preliminary Phase IIb Study Shows Dyloject(TM) Relieves ...  Jan 23, 2006
NEW YORK--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Jan. 23, 2006--Javelin Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (OTC BB: JVPH) announced today that Dyloject(TM) (diclofenac sodium injection) met the ... - Business Wire (press release),

New hope for threatened vultures  Jan 31, 2006
The rapid decline has been attributed to the widespread use of diclofenac in live stock, which kills vultures feeding on the bodies of lifestock who have been ... - Monsters and Critics.com,

Preliminary Phase IIb Study Shows Dylojectâ„¢ Relieves ...  Jan 23, 2006
23, 2006--Javelin Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (OTC BB: JVPH - News) announced today that Dyloject(TM) (diclofenac sodium injection) met the primary endpoint of a ... - dBusinessNews New York (press release),

Block That Chirp: Volume Control in Crickets  Jan 30, 2006
...species of vultures on the Indian subcontinent have been dying in hordes, poisoned when they ate dead livestock that had been given the painkiller diclofenac. ... - New York Times,

Vultures under threat worldwide  Jan 11, 2006
Our feathered friends are being wiped out in India as a result of eating carrion contaminated with Diclofenac - a cheap inflammation treatment for cattle. ... - Register,

Alternative drug could save vultures  Jan 30, 2006
The declines have been blamed on the widespread use of the drug diclofenac for the treatment of sick livestock on the Indian sub-continent. ... - Telegraph.co.uk,

Project to conserve three species of vultures  Feb 4, 2006
CZA is also working closely with the Government to completely phase out diclofenac — the veterinary drug known to kill vultures — and bring in cheaper and ... - Hindu,

International Workshop on vulture conservation from tomorrow  Jan 30, 2006
IUCN. Researches carried out in India and Pakistan has revealed that cause of this decline was use of Veterinary Diclofenac. The ... - Webindia123,

NSAIDs Somewhat Better Than Tylenol for Osteoarthritis, Review ...  Jan 24, 2006
Studies looked at the traditional NSAIDs such as ibuprofen (sold as Advil, Nuprin, Haltran, Medipren, Motrin, Midol, Brufen and Genpril), diclofenac (sold as ... - Health Behavior News Service

Some NSAIDS Safe in Ulcerative Colitis or Crohn's -- Sometimes  Feb 3, 2006
In the first part, 109 patients were given either the non-NSAID acetaminophen, or the conventional NSAIDs, naproxen, diclofenac, and indomethacin, over a four ... - MedPage Today,

NSAIDs better for OA than Tylenol -- study  Jan 25, 2006
...focused on traditional NSAIDs, including ibuprofen -- sold as Advil, Nuprin, Haltran, Medipren, Motrin, Midol, Brufen and Genpril -- diclofenac -- sold as ... - United Press International Penn Researchers Call for New Paradigm in Clinical Trials ...  Jan 5, 2006
AScribe ...information from an understanding of drug mechanisms and epidemiology to predict how traditional NSAIDs -- drugs like dicofenac (Cataflam), ibuprofen (Alleve ...

Penn researchers call for new paradigm in clinical trials  Jan 5, 2006
EurekAlert (press release), ...information from an understanding of drug mechanisms and epidemiology to predict how traditional NSAIDs–drugs like dicofenac (CATAFLAM), ibuprofen (ALLEVE ...

HSD bags Solaraze med ed brief  Jan 10, 2006
PRWeek (subscription), Shire Pharmaceuticals has brought in HSD Communications to raise the profile of its Solaraze product among UK health professionals. ...

Local quitter shares hard-won insight  Jan 10, 2006
Valley City Times Record, ...tobacco-cessation tools such as nicotine replacement products and “quit classes� doubles the chances for success, according to Vicki Voldal Rosenau, local ...

NSAID gel curbs pain of knee arthritis  Dec 28, 2005
ABC News ...the knee may find relief by rubbing on a gel containing the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) diclofenac (sold as Arthrotec or Voltaren), results of ...

Reduce platelet aggregation, blood clotting, inflammation, nervous ...  Jan 12, 2006
Health24.com, Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID’s), such as Voltaren, Brufen, Indocid, Feldene, used together with garlic, might also cause a bleeding tendency ...


Home Copyright phasechange.org 2006.
All Rights Reserved.
Google
 
Web rxreview.org