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Carbamazepine
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DRUG INFO
Carbamazepine
Drug Name:
Carbamazepine
Indication: For the treatment of epilepsy and pain associated with true trigeminal neuralgia.
Pharmacology: Carbamazepine, an anticonvulsant structurally similar to tricyclic antidepressants, is used to treat partial seizures, tonic-clonic seizures, pain of neurologic origin such as trigeminal neuralgia, and psychiatric disorders including manic-depressive illness and aggression due to dementia.
Mechanism Of Action: Carbamazepine inhibits sustained repetitive firing by blocking use-dependent sodium channels. Pain relief is believed to be associated with blockade of synaptic transmission in the trigeminal nucleus and seizure control with reduction of post-tetanic potentiation of synaptic transmission in the spinal cord. Carbamazepine also possesses anticholinergic, central antidiuretic, antiarrhythmic, muscle relaxant, antidepressant (possibly through blockade of norepinephrine release), sedative, and neuromuscular-blocking properties.
Drug Category: Analgesics; Antimanic Agents; Anticonvulsants; Anticonvulsants; ATC:N03AF01
Brand Names/Synonyms: Apo-Carbamazepine; Atretol; Biston; Calepsin; Carbamazepen; Carbamazepine; Carbamezepine; Carbatrol; Carbazepine; Carbelan; Epitol; Equetro; Finlepsin; G 32883; G-32883; Geigy 32883; Karbamazepin; Lexin; Neurotol; Novo-Carbamaz; Nu-Carbamazepine; Sirtal; Stazepin; Stazepine; Taro-Carbamazepine; Taro-Carbamazepine Cr; Tegretal; Tegretol; Tegretol Chewtabs; Tegretol Cr; Tegretol-Xr; Telesmin; Teril; Timonil
Dosage Forms: SUSPENSION; TABLET; TABLET (EXTENDED-RELEASE)
Absorption: Not Available
Interactions:
DrugBank: Interactions for Carbamazepine
Interactions for Carbamazepine:
Clinically meaningful drug interactions have occurred with concomitant medications and include, but are not
limited to the following:
Agents Highly Bound to Plasma Protein
Carbamazepine is not highly bound to plasma proteins; therefore, administration of EQUETROTM to a
patient taking another drug that is highly protein bound should not cause increased free concentrations of the other
drug.
Agents that Inhibit Cytochrome P450 Isoenzymes and/or Epoxide Hydrolase
Carbamazepine is metabolized mainly by cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4 to the active carbamazepine 10,11-epoxide, which
is further metabolized to the trans-diol by epoxide hydrolase. Therefore, the potential exists for interaction
between carbamazepine and any agent that inhibits CYP3A4 and/or epoxide hydrolase. Agents that are CYP3A4 inhibitors
that have been found, or are expected, to increase plasma levels of EQUETROTM are the following:
Acetazolamide, azole antifungals, cimetidine, clarithromycin(1), dalfopristin, danazol,
delavirdine, diltiazem, erythromycin(1), fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, grapefruit juice, isoniazid,
itraconazole, ketoconazole, loratadine, nefazodone, niacinamide, nicotinamide, protease inhibitors, propoxyphene,
quinine, quinupristin, troleandomycin, valproate(1), verapamil, zileuton.
Thus, if a patient has been titrated to a stable dosage of EQUETROTM, and then begins a course of
treatment with one of these CYP3A4 or epoxide hydrolase inhibitors, it is reasonable to expect that a dose reduction
for EQUETROTM may be necessary.
Agents that Induce Cytochrome P450 Isoenzymes
Carbamazepine is metabolized by CYP3A4. Therefore, the potential exists for interaction between carbamazepine and
any agent that induces CYP3A4. Agents that are CYP inducers that have been found, or are expected, to decrease plasma
levels of EQUETROTM are the following:
Cisplatin, doxorubicin HCL, felbamate, rifampin, phenobarbital, Phenytoin(2), primidone,
methsuximide, and theophylline
Thus, if a patient has been titrated to a stable dosage on EQUETROTM, and then begins a course of
treatment with one of these CYP3A4 inducers, it is reasonable to expect that a dose increase for EQUETROTM
may be necessary.
Agents with Decreased Levels in the Presence of Carbamazepine due to Induction of Cytochrome P450
Enzymes
Carbamazepine is known to induce CYP1A2 and CYP3A4. Therefore, the potential exists for interaction between
carbamazepine and any agent metabolized by one (or more) of these enzymes. Agents that have been found, or are
expected to have decreased plasma levels in the presence of EQUETROTM due to induction of CYP enzymes are
the following:
Acetaminophen, alprazolam, amitriptyline, bupropion, buspirone, citalopram, clobazam, clonazepam,
clozapine, cyclosporin, delavirdine, desipramine, diazepam, dicumarol, doxycycline, ethosuximide, felbamate,
felodipine, glucocorticoids, haloperidol, itraconazole, lamotrigine, levothyroxine, lorazepam, methadone, midazolam,
mirtazapine, nortriptyline, olanzapine, oral contraceptives(3), oxcarbazepine, Phenytoin(4),
praziquantel, protease inhibitors, quetiapine, risperidone, theophylline, topiramate, tiagabine, tramadol, triazolam,
valproate, warfarin(5) , ziprasidone, and zonisamide.
Thus, if a patient has been titrated to a stable dosage on one of the agents in this category, and then begins a
course of treatment with EQUETROTM, it is reasonable to expect that a dose increase for the concomitant
agent may be necessary.
Agents with Increased Levels in the Presence of Carbamazepine:
EQUETROTM increases the plasma levels of the following agents:
Clomipramine HCl, Phenytoin(6), and primidone
Thus, if a patient has been titrated to a stable dosage on one of the agents in this category, and then begins a
course of the treatment with EQUETROTM, it is reasonable to expect that a dose decrease for the
concomitant agent may be necessary.
Pharmacological/Pharmacodynamic Interactions with Carbamazepine
Concomitant administration of carbamazepine and lithium may increase the risk of neurotoxic side effects.
Given the anticonvulsant properties of carbamazepine, EQUETROTM may reduce the thyroid function as has
been reported with other anticonvulsants. Additionally, anti-malarial drugs, such as chloroquine and mefloquine, may
antagonize the activity of carbamazepine.
Thus if a patient has been titrated to a stable dosage on one of the agents in this category, and then begins a
course of treatment with EQUETROTM, it is reasonable to expect that a dose adjustment may be
necessary.
Because of its primary CNS effect, caution should be used when EQUETROTM is taken with other centrally
acting drugs and alcohol.
Chemical IUPAC Name: 5H-dibenz[b,f]azepine-5-carboxamide
Chemical Formula: C15H12N2O
Half Life: 25-65 hours
Drug Type: Approved Drug
# Accession No: APRD00337
CAS Registry Number: 298-46-4
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Carbamazepine News
(When available)
Bristol-Myers Squibb Company and Otsuka Pharmaceutical Announce ... Feb 8, 2006
...metabolism. Agents that induce CYP3A4 (eg, carbamazepine) could cause an increase in Abilify clearance and lower blood levels. Inhibitors ... - DG News
First-Time Generic Approvals: Copegus, Tegretol, Roxicodone Jan 24, 2006
2006 — The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved in December 2005 first-time generic 200-mg formulations of ribavirin and carbamazepine tablets, and ... - Medscape (subscription)
Business Diary Jan 29, 2006
Laboratories Ltd., Detroit, announced the US Food and Drug Administration has granted approval for the company’s ANDA for Carbamazepine 200mg USP. ... - Crain's Detroit Business (subscription),
Will herb for prostate help make hair grow? Feb 2, 2006
...careful medical attention. One example of such a warning is found with the anti-seizure drug Tegretol (carbamazepine). Doctors are ... - Bradenton Herald,
Traces of Prescription Drugs Found in Southland Aquifers Jan 30, 2006
Two widely used anti-epileptic medications — carbamazepine and primidone — survive not only Arizona's advanced, tertiary treatment but also filtration ... - Los Angeles Times,
People Can Suffer from Bipolar Disorder for Years until It is ... Jan 30, 2006
...and Joseph R. Calabrese). Chapter 5 Carbamazepine, Other Anticonvulsants and Augmenting Agents(Heinz Grunze). Chapter 6 Olanzapine ... - Genetic Engineering News,
Business Diary Jan 22, 2006
Ltd., Detroit, recently announced the US Food and Drug Adminstration have granted an FDA approval for the company’s ANDA for Carbamazepine 200mg USP. ... - Crain's Detroit Business (subscription),
Continuity of Antidepressant Treatment for Adults With Depression ... Jan 24, 2006
Patients who reported use of mood stabilizer medications (lithium, carbamazepine, valproic acid, divalproex, gabapentin, and lamotrigine) during the study ... - Am J Psychiatry (subscription)
Brief Reports: Patterns of Psychotropic Medication Use by Race ... Jan 25, 2006
...and benzodiazepines. Specifically, other mood stabilizers included divalproex, valproate, carbamazepine, and lamotrigine. First-generation ... - Psychiatric Services (subscription)
IMPAX Settles Patent Suit and Signs Marketing and Promotion ... Jan 19, 2006
In a separate agreement, IMPAX will promote Carbatrol(R) (carbamazepine extended release capsules), Shire's product for the treatment of epilepsy beginning ... - Genetic Engineering News,
SHIRE PLC: Shire and Impax Settle All Pending Litigation Jan 20, 2006
Shire and Impax have also entered into an agreement to promote Shire's CARBATROL® (carbamazepine) for the treatment of epilepsy in the United States. ... - FinanzNachrichten.de,
FDA Approves EMEND(R) (aprepitant), in Combination with Other ... Jan 11, 2006
...is a substrate for CYP3A4; therefore, coadministration of EMEND with drugs that strongly induce CYP3A4 activity (eg, rifampin, carbamazepine, phenytoin) may ... - Business Wire (press release),
Excerpts From Night Falls Fast Jan 23, 2006
The ability of the anticonvulsant medications (valproate, carbamazepine, gabapentin, lamotrigine, and topirameate) to prevent suicide is unproven, however. ... - Saturday Evening Post,
Shire and Impax Settle all Pending Litigation Concerning ADDERALL ... Jan 19, 2006
Shire and Impax have also entered into an agreement to promote Shire's CARBATROL(R) (carbamazepine) for the treatment of epilepsy in the United States. ... - Biotech Intelligence (press release),
Supernus Pharmaceuticals Acquires Drug Formulation Business of ... Jan 12, 2006
PharmaLive.com (press release), ...and development business was based on SLI's success and proven track record in developing advanced products such as Adderall XR(R), Carbatrol(R), Equetro(R ...
Joseph DeVeaugh-Geiss, MD, Expands Role as Interim Chief Medical ... 16 Jan 2006
PR Newswire (press release), ...execution and analysis of clinical research activities." DeVeaugh-Geiss spent more than 16 years in the pharmaceutical industry with CIBA-GEIGY and Glaxo/Glaxo ...
Harmonious start in Dover Jan 3, 2006
Asbury Park Press, ...properties, and Dover's partnership with the state Department of Environmental Protection in demanding that all drums be removed from the former Ciba-Geigy Corp ...
Father of psychedelic drug celebrates 100th birthday Jan 11, 2006
Xinhua, Hofmann discovered LSD in 1938 while working for the Basel-based pharmaceutical company, Sandoz (which later merged with Ciba-Geigy to become Novartis). ...
Novartis May Bid for Serono Jan 10, 2006
Red Herring, Basel, Switzerland-based Novartis, which was created in 1996 from the merger of Ciba-Geigy and Sandoz, characterized the takeover talk as speculation. ...
Novartis, the Great Consolidator Jan 10, 2006
TheStreet.com More deals could be on the way for Novartis, itself the product of a merger between the Swiss drugmakers Ciba-Geigy and Sandoz in 1996. ...
Doctor: More cases of cancer to report Jan 11, 2006
Asbury Park Press, Exposure to contaminated drinking water from United Water Toms River's parkway well field and to polluted air from the former Ciba-Geigy Corp. ...
Ex-Pfizer VP named 2005's "Whiny Whistleblower" Jan 10, 2006
Spero News ...annual report and ACSH Corporate Donors 1997: Pfizer, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Merck, Abbott Laboratories, Eli Lilly, American Cyanamid, Ciba-Geigy, Hoffman-La ...
Coming Events Dec 29, 2005
Alabamian, A planning committee has met and finalized plans for a reunion of those with 15 years of service with Ciba-Geigy. The event will take place Jan. ...
Brush, council spar over hiring rules Dec 19, 2005
Asbury Park Press, ...which will be representing the township in its case against Ciba Speciality Chemicals Corp., owners of the Route 37 site formerly occupied by Ciba Geigy Corp. ...
NitroMed Promotes Michael Sabolinski, MD to the Position of Chief ... Jan 6, 2006
Genetic Engineering News, Dr. Worcel served as Head of Research and Development at Roussel Hoechst, France and Head of Head of Cardiovascular Research and Development at Ciba Geigy Corp ...
Tuning in on radio talk Jan 4, 2006
Asbury Park Press, ..."We had a really hard time getting money into the township.". The hazmat team's equipment and training was originally bankrolled by the Ciba-Geigy Corp. ...
The History Of Glivec Dec 26, 2005
Medical News Today (press release), Work soon began in early 1990 on the discovery of Bcr-Abl inhibitors by researchers at Novartis (then Ciba-Geigy).(4,5) The 2 lead researchers, Nicholas Lydon ...
DAILY NEWS SPORTS WRITERS Dec 25, 2005
New York Daily News, Wheat has kept an eye on trademarked names, however, and he saw that the company that owned Dianabol, Ciba-Geigy, let the trademark expire. ...
FOR SUCCESS Dec 16, 2005
Investor's Business Daily (subscription) After attaining the rank of captain as a lawyer in the Israeli Defense Force, she worked for drug giant Ciba-Geigy (now Novartis), where she was a senior ...
Westchester's road to riches Dec 14, 2005
The Journal News.com, Municipalities began instituting zoning changes that would allow companies such as Nestlé and Ciba-Geigy to move into the corridor. ...
Judge sends six to trial in city pension scandal Jan 13, 2006
San Diego Union Tribune, The defendants – Cathy Lexin, former city human resources director; John Torres, a Police Department fingerprint examiner; Ronald Saathoff, a fire captain ...
Sides rest in preliminary hearing for former Pension Board members Jan 10, 2006
San Diego Union Tribune, ...the case are Ronald Saathoff, president of the city firefighters union; John Torres, vice president of the city's largest labor union; Cathy Lexin, the city's ...
SEC won't rush review of city's finances Jan 10, 2006
San Diego Union Tribune, ...defendants – retired pension administrator Lawrence Grissom, system general counsel Loraine Chapin and former pension board members Cathy Lexin, Ron Saathoff ...
Pension hearing: Former board president rejected link to enhanced ... Jan 9, 2006
San Diego Union Tribune, The hearing to determine whether Ronald Saathoff, John Torres, Terri Webster, Mary Vattimo, Sharon Wilkinson and Cathy Lexin will be held to answer to the ...
Hearing To Determine If Ex-Pension Board Members Should Stand ... Jan 9, 2006
10News.com, The defendants -- Ronald Saathoff, John Torres, Terri Webster, Mary Vattimo, Sharon Wilkinson and Cathy Lexin -- are accused of voting to underfund the system ...
Preliminary hearing for pension trustees indicted by feds Jan 9, 2006
KESQ, The defendants -- Ronald Saathoff, John Torres, Terri Webster, Mary Mattimo, Sharon Wilkinson and Cathy Lexin -- are accused of voting to under fund the system ...
Pension board case lurches toward closure Jan 13, 2006
San Diego Union Tribune, ..."The council was effectively throwing in the towel on the trigger at that date," said Nick Hanna, the lawyer for Cathy Lexin, the former director of human ...
Feds Indict Five in SD Pension Scandal Jan 6, 2006
Voice of San Diego, Charged are: Ron Saathoff, firefighter union president; Cathy Lexin, the city's former human resources director; Terri Webster, former assistant auditor; Lori ...
San Diego pension fund officials indicted Jan 6, 2006
Seattle Post Intelligencer Ron Saathoff, Terri Webster and Cathy Lexin - three former trustees on the board overseeing the city's retirement fund - were named in the indictment along ...
Pension Indictments Jan 6, 2006
XETV FOX6 San Diego, Named in the indictment are former board members Ronald Saathoff, Cathy Lexin and Teresa Webster, along with former pension administrator Lawrence Grissom and ...
San Diego officials indicted for fraud Jan 8, 2006
Chicago Tribune, Former pension board members Ronald Saathoff, Cathy Lexin and Teresa Webster--along with former board administrator Lawrence Grissom and the panel's current ...
BREAKING NEWS: Federal Grand Jury Indicts Former Pension Board ... Jan 6, 2006
10News.com, Named in the indictment were former board members Ronald Saathoff, Cathy Lexin and Teresa Webster, along with former pension administrator Lawrence Grissom and ...
Pension not tied to vote, Ewell testifies Jan 11, 2006
San Diego Union Tribune, Facing charges are Saathoff; former Human Resources Director Kathy Lexin; former acting Auditor Terri Webster; former treasurer Mary Vattimo; John Torres, a ...
'The Others' and the Sound of Dropping Shoes Jan 8, 2006
Voice of San Diego, It says "defendants Saathoff, Lexin, Webster, Grissom, and Chapin, and others" (emphasis added) fraudulently devised a plan to modify a funding plan for the ...
Feds apply pressure to former pension officials in hopes of ... Jan 11, 2006
San Diego CityBEAT, The federal grand jury indictment alleges, in part, that three former pension trustees, Ronald Saathoff, Terri Webster and Cathy Lexin; the pension system’s ...
Sorting It Out Jan 9, 2006
Voice of San Diego, Ron Saathoff, white-collar union Vice President John Torres, former city Treasurer Mary Vattimo, former Human Resources Director Cathy Lexin, former Assistant ...
Five former San Diego officials indicted Jan 7, 2006
Monsters and Critics.com, Grissom, former head of the pension system; Loraine Chapin, its former general counsel; former city human resources director Cathy Lexin; former acting city ...
Five San Diego pension fund officials indicted on federal charges Jan 6, 2006
KESQ, Ron Saathoff, Terri Webster and Cathy Lexin _ three former trustees on the board overseeing the city's retirement fund _ were named in the indictment along ...
City official's e-mail suggests '02 pension deal quid pro quo Dec 13, 2005
San Diego Union Tribune, Councilman Byron Wear sent a terse e-mail to Cathy Lexin nearly six months before he left office in 2002 questioning her handling of a proposal to delay making ...
Central Florida Apt. Sale Sets Per-unit Price Record Dec 21, 2005
CoStar Group, Lexin Celebration III LLC, a shell company of Meltin Negrin-Lexin Capital, acquired the Mirasol Apartment Complex in Celebration from SMG Celebration LLC for ...
Five Officials in San Diego Are Indicted Over Pensions Jan 6, 2006
New York Times, Those newly indicted are Ronald Saathoff, Cathy Lexin and Teresa Webster, former San Diego retirement fund trustees; Lawrence Grissom, the system's former ...
Vagueness of statute on corruption stirs dispute Jan 12, 2006
San Diego Union Tribune, ...of the San Diego pension system, Lawrence Grissom; its lawyer, Loraine Chapin; and three former trustees, Ronald Saathoff, Teresa Webster and Cathy Lexin. ...
5 Indicted Over San Diego Pension Scheme Jan 7, 2006
Los Angeles Times, Former pension board members Ronald Saathoff, Cathy Lexin and Teresa Webster — along with former board administrator Lawrence Grissom and the panel's current ...
Prosecution rests in hearing for 6 former pension trustees Dec 15, 2005
San Diego Union Tribune, Heap worked side by side with Cathy Lexin, the former human resources director who was a lead player in contract negotiations with the city's labor unions and ...
News briefs from San Diego County Dec 13, 2005
San Luis Obispo Tribune, The e-mail obtained by The San Diego Union-Tribune was written in June 2002 by Cathy Lexin, the city's human resources director, who is one of six former ...
E-Mail May Have Suggested Deal To Underfund Pension System Dec 13, 2005
KFMB, The e-mail obtained by The San Diego Union-Tribune was written in June 2002 by Cathy Lexin, the city's human resources director, who is one of six former ...
With Rentals Cold, a Shift to Retail Dec 13, 2005
New York Times, The apartments were sold to Lexin Capital, a private investment firm in New York City, for $84 million. Lexin paid GDC Properties ...
City E-mails Exposed Dec 13, 2005
XETV FOX6 San Diego, Six former pension board members -- Ron Saathoff, John Torres, Mary Vattimo, Cathy Lexin, Terri Webster and Sharon Wilkinson -- were charged earlier this year ...
San Diego Officials Indicted for Pension Fraud Jan 6, 2006
Los Angeles Times, Cathy Lexin, also indicted last year, and a former pension board member. The scheme charged by federal prosecutors this afternoon parallels the state charges. ...
Officials: Corruption Part of City's History, Not Present Jan 6, 2006
Voice of San Diego, ...targeted former pension Administrator Larry Grissom, the pension system's in-house attorney Lori Chapin and former trustees Ron Saathoff, Cathy Lexin and Terri ...
National Digest Jan 7, 2006
Baltimore Sun, Ron Saathoff, Terri Webster and Cathy Lexin - three former trustees on the board overseeing the city's retirement fund - were named in the indictment, along ...
'Just Do It' Dec 13, 2005
Voice of San Diego, The councilman later commanded then human resources director Cathy Lexin, who was also charged by the district attorney, to "just do it.". ...
Cut to the Case Dec 12, 2005
Voice of San Diego, The defendants in the case are Webster, the city's former assistant auditor; former Human Resources Director Cathy Lexin; former Treasurer Mary Vattimo; city ...
Help! What can I do about vaginal burning? Dec 20, 2005
MSNBC ...area. Anticonvulsants (anti-epileptic medications) also seem to help: Neurontin and Tegretol have been prescribed with some success. ...
Messengers of the Brain Jan 1, 2006
About - News & Issues, ...and medication types used in the treatment of bipolar disorder, including lithium, depakote, SSRI and tricyclic antidepressants, tegretol, antipsychotics and ...
Insanity defense likely in Hamilton death Dec 21, 2005
Salem News, ...added that Blackhall had been hospitalized multiple times and was on several medications, including Navane, an anti-psychotic drug, and Tegretol and Depakote ...
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