Indication: For adjunctive treatment of: edema due to congestive heart failure; drug-induced edema; centrencephalic epilepsies; chronic simple (open-angle) glaucoma
Pharmacology: Acetazolamide is a potent carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, effective in the control of fluid secretion, in the treatment of certain convulsive disorders and in the promotion of diuresis in instances of abnormal fluid retention. Acetazolamide is not a mercurial diuretic. Rather, it is a nonbacteriostatic sulfonamide possessing a chemical structure and pharmacological activity distinctly different from the bacteriostatic sulfonamides.
Mechanism Of Action: The anticonvulsant activity of Acetazolamide may depend on a direct inhibition of carbonic anhydrase in the CNS, which decreases carbon dioxide tension in the pulmonary alveoli, thus increasing arterial oxygen tension. The diuretic effect depends on the inhibition of carbonic anhydrase, causing a reduction in the availability of hydrogen ions for active transport in the renal tubule lumen. This leads to alkaline urine and an increase in the excretion of bicarbonate, sodium, potassium, and water.
Drug Category: Diuretics; Anticonvulsants; Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors; ATC:S01EC01
DIAMOX®. modifies phenytoin metabolism with increased serum levels of phenytoin. This may increase or enhance
the occurrence of osteomalacia in some patients receiving chronic phenytoin therapy. Caution is advised in patients
receiving chronic concomitant therapy.
By decreasing the gastrointestinal absorption of primidone, DIAMOX may decrease serum concentrations of primidone
and its metabolites, with a consequent possible decrease in anticonvulsant effect. Caution is advised when beginning,
discontinuing, or changing the dose of DIAMOX in patients receiving primidone.
Because of possible additive effects with other carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, concomitant use is not
advisable.
Acetazolamide may increase the effects of other folic acid antagonists.
Acetazolamide may increase or decrease blood glucose levels. Consideration should be taken in patients being
treated with antidiabetic agents.
Acetazolamide decreases urinary excretion of amphetamine and may enhance the magnitude and duration of their
effect.
Acetazolamide reduces urinary excretion of quinidine and may enhance its effect.
Acetazolamide may prevent the urinary antiseptic effect of methenamine.
Acetazolamide increases lithium excretion and the lithium may be decreased.
Acetazolamide and sodium bicarbonate used concurrently increases the risk of renal calculus formation.
Acetazolamide may elevate cyclosporine levels.
Chemical IUPAC Name: N-(5-sulfamoyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)ethanamide
Chemical Formula: C4H6N4O3S2
Half Life: Not Available
Drug Type: Approved Drug
# Accession No: APRD00119
CAS Registry Number: 59-66-5
Acetazolamide News (When available)
Low zinc intake may sap exercisers’ energyJan 8, 2006 PakTribune.com, The reason appears to be related to an enzyme in the body called carbonic anhydrase, which relies on zinc for proper functioning. ...
New derivatives may lead to cancer drugsDec 23, 2005 Monsters and Critics.com, ...structure sites. Subsequently, they were evaluated as cytotoxic agents, tNOX inhibitors and carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. The activity ...
Paul Covell takes on the challenge of climbing KilimanjaroJan 11, 2006 Bucks Free Press, Daniel our guide persuaded her to leave the decision until the morning, which she did, and with the aid of Diamox, the mountain sickness drug she made a ...
Older mountain hikers do better at altitudeDec 14, 2005 NewsOK.com (subscription), Medications? If you are prone to altitude sickness, the prescription drug Diamox can help you acclimate and can cut sickness risk in half. Talk to your doctor. ...
Getting high on PeruDec 24, 2005 Winnipeg Free Press (subscription), ...is legal). If you're concerned about getting altitude sickness, ask your doctor about a prescription drug called Diamox. The waterfront ...
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